| Outline. Technology, history of. By Paul Nervy. |
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| Copyright 2006, Paul Nervy |
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| Subject |
Category |
Year (When) |
Place (Where) |
Person(s) (Who) |
Thing, Event, Idea, Word, or Work (What) |
Description (Why, How, etc.) |
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| Technology |
Clothing |
c. -1000000? |
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Clothing in form of furs. Occurred when humans moved out of Africa, to climates that were cold. |
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| Technology |
Clothing |
c. -30000. |
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Cloth. |
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| Technology |
Clothing |
c. 1730's |
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John Kay |
Shuttle loom. |
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| Technology |
Clothing |
c. 1760's |
England |
Hargreaves, James |
Spinning jenny |
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| Technology |
Clothing |
c. 1790's |
United States |
Whitney, Eli |
Cotton gin. Separates cotton fiber from seed. |
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| Technology |
Clothing |
c. 1850's |
United States |
Singer, Issac |
Sewing machine |
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| Technology |
Clothing |
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Knitting. Hand made cloth. |
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| Technology |
Communication |
c. -2000000? |
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Language, spoken. |
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| Technology |
Communication |
c. 1000 |
China |
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Printing with wood blocks |
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| Technology |
Communication |
c. 1450's |
Europe |
Gutenberg |
Printing with movable type. |
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| Technology |
Communication |
c. 1830's |
United States |
Morse, Sammuel B. |
Telegraph |
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| Technology |
Communication |
c. 1860's |
United States |
Sholes, Latham |
Typewriter |
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| Technology |
Communication |
c. 1880's |
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Bell, Alexander Graham |
Telephone |
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| Technology |
Communication |
c. 1960's |
United States |
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Communication satellites |
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| Technology |
Communication |
c. 1980's |
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Cell phone |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c 1930's |
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Bertalanffy, Ludwig von |
Systems theory |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1800's |
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Babbage, Charles |
Charles Babbage and the difference engine. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1900's |
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Punch card machines. Holerinth. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1920's |
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Watson, John |
Mechanical calculators. IBM. John Watson. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1930's |
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Shannon, Claude |
Claude Shannon. Mathematical information theory. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1930's |
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Turing, Alan |
Limits of computability. Breaking German Enigma code. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1930's |
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Wiener, Norbert |
Norbert Wiener. Cybernetics. Feedback. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1930's |
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von Neumann, John |
Von Neumann computer architecture. Memory. Stored programs. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1940's |
United States |
Bush, Vanenvar |
Computer as information sorting machine |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1940's |
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Vacum tube computers. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1940's |
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ENIAC |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1940's |
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Alan Turing and the cracking of the German Enigma code in WWII. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1950's |
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Computers as word crunchers. The invention of the keyboard interface. The invention of word processing. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1950's |
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Computers as number crunchers. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1950's |
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Shockley, Bill |
Invention of the transistor. Solid state electronics. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1950's |
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Computers as image crunchers. The invention of the video display, monitors, screens. The invention of pictures on computer screens. ASCII art. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1960's |
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Computer networking. DARPA. TCP/IP |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1960's |
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Licklider |
Computer networks, promoter of. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1960's |
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Engelbart, Douglas |
Invented the mouse |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1970's |
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Ritchie, Dennis |
Unix operating system. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1970's |
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Joy, Bill |
Bill Joy. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1970's |
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C programming language. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1970's |
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Unix operating system. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1970's |
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Jobs and Wozniak |
Personal computer. Apple. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1970's |
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Gates and Allen |
Personal computer. Microsoft. Bill Gates. Paul Allen. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1980's |
United States |
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Personal Computers take off: Apple and Microsoft |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1980's |
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Ethernet. Metcalfe. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1990's |
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Lee, Tim Berners |
Internet. Tim Berners Lee developed HTML and HTTP on which the World Wide Web is based. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1990's |
India |
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India computer programming boom. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1990's |
World |
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Internet boom. Dot com era. Stock market bubble |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1990's |
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Progress in artificial intelligence. Robots. Single purpose robots used in car manufacturing. Programmable robots. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1990's |
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Gosling, James |
Java programming language. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1990's |
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GNU, Linux, Free Software and Open Source |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1990's |
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Linus Torvalds |
Linus Torvalds |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1990's |
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Stallman, Richard |
Richard Stallman |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 1994 |
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Internet starts to take off in 1994 with the design of a GUI browser, Mosaic, by Mark Anderson. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 2000 |
World |
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Y2K. Year 2000 computer issue. Did not have a major impact. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 2000's |
World |
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Internet. Pro: a voice for the people. Con: spam, spyware, viruses, hackers, hate sites. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 2000's |
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DNA computing. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 2000's |
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Quantum computing. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 2005 |
World |
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Paris Hilton's cellphone hacked. Paris Hilton becoming the poster child for invasion of privacy issues. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
c. 2005 |
World |
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File sharing should be legal. Intellectual property laws are too tight. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
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Database |
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| Technology |
Computers |
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Email |
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| Technology |
Computers |
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Floppy disc |
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| Technology |
Computers |
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Text: Text editors. Word processors. Desktop publishing. |
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| Technology |
Computers |
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DVD |
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| Technology |
Computers |
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Scanner |
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| Technology |
Electronics |
c. 1950's |
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Laser |
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| Technology |
Food |
c. -4000000? |
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Meat eating. First as scavanger. Then as hunter. |
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| Technology |
Food |
c. 1800's |
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Deere, John |
Plow, modern |
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| Technology |
Food |
c. 1870's |
Germany |
Linde, Karl von |
Refrigerator |
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| Technology |
Food |
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Planter |
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| Technology |
Food |
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Plow, iron tip |
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| Technology |
Food |
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McCormick, Cyrus |
Reaper |
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| Technology |
Food |
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Cooking. Baking. Bread. Toaster oven. Microwave. |
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| Technology |
Food |
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Organic farming techniques. Organic fertilizer. Organic pest control. Organic weed control. |
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| Technology |
Food |
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Microwave oven. |
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| Technology |
Food. |
c. -10000. |
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Domestication of plants. Agriculture. |
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| Technology |
Food. |
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Irrigation. |
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| Technology |
Food. |
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Thresher |
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| Technology |
Food. Power. |
c. -10000. |
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Domestication of animals |
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| Technology |
Genetics |
c. 1990's |
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Cloning |
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| Technology |
Industrialization |
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Standardized parts. |
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| Technology |
Industrialization |
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Assembly line. |
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| Technology |
Information and communication |
c. -2000 |
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Language, written. Earliest writing includes Sumerian alphabet, Egyptian hieroglyphics and Chinese pictograms. |
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| Technology |
Information and communication |
c. 1880's. |
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Edison, Thomas. Lumiere brothers. |
Movies |
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| Technology |
Information and communication |
c. 1880's. |
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Edison, Thomas |
Phonograph. Record player |
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| Technology |
Information and communication |
c. 1890's |
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Marconi |
Radio. |
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| Technology |
Information and communication |
c. 1910's |
United States |
De Forest, Lee |
Vacum tube. |
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| Technology |
Information and communication |
c. 1930's. |
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Farnsworth, Philo T. |
Television |
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| Technology |
Information and communication |
c. 1950's |
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Transistor |
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| Technology |
Information and communication |
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Pencil and pen. |
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| Technology |
Information and communication |
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Libraries. Library at Alexandria. Dewey Decimal System. |
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| Technology |
Information and communication |
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Math. Abacus. Adding machine. Calculator. Mathmatica. |
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| Technology |
Light |
c. 1880's |
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Edison, Thomas |
Electric light |
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| Technology |
Light |
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Flourescent light. |
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| Technology |
Light |
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LED light |
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| Technology |
Materals, plastic |
c. 1910's |
United States |
Baekeland, Leo |
Bakelite. The first plastic. |
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| Technology |
Materials |
c. -1500. |
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Glass |
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| Technology |
Materials |
c. -3000 |
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Potters wheel. |
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| Technology |
Materials |
c. 1 |
China |
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Paper |
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| Technology |
Materials |
c. 1840's |
United States |
Goodyear, Charles |
Vulcanized rubber. |
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| Technology |
Materials |
c. 1850's |
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Bessmer, Henry |
Steel producing furnace |
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| Technology |
Materials |
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Concrete |
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| Technology |
Materials |
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Metal working. Copper. Bronze. Iron. |
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| Technology |
Materials, ceramics |
c. -10000 |
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Pottery |
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| Technology |
Materials, metal |
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Steel, handmade. |
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| Technology |
Materials, metal |
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Iron |
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| Technology |
Materials, metals |
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Copper |
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| Technology |
Materials, metals |
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Bronze (an alloy of copper and tin) |
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| Technology |
Materials, plastic |
c. 1930's |
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Synthetic fabric |
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| Technology |
Materials, plastic |
c. 1930's |
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Nylon |
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| Technology |
Materials, plastic |
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Cellophane |
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| Technology |
Materials, rubber |
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Synthetic rubber |
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| Technology |
Measurement |
c. 1 |
China |
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Compass |
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| Technology |
Measurement |
c. 1600 |
Europe |
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Microscope |
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| Technology |
Measurement |
c. 1600 |
Europe |
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Telescope |
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| Technology |
Measurement |
c. 1700 |
Germany |
Fahrenheit |
Thermometer |
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| Technology |
Measurement |
c. 1760's |
England |
Harrison, John |
Clock for longitude measurement |
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| Technology |
Measurement |
c. 1930's |
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Radar |
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| Technology |
Measurement |
c. 1930's |
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Electron microsoope |
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| Technology |
Measurement |
c. 1990 |
United States |
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GPS. Global Positioning System |
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| Technology |
Measurement, time |
c. 1300 |
Europe |
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Clocks, earliest model |
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| Technology |
Medicine |
c. 1300 |
Europe |
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The Black Plague. Bubonic Plague. |
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| Technology |
Medicine |
c. 1980's |
World |
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AIDS identified |
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| Technology |
Medicine |
c. 2000's |
World |
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New bugs: SARs, West Nile, Hanta, Ebola |
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| Technology |
Medicine |
c. 2003 |
World |
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SARs epidemic. |
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| Technology |
Mining |
c. 2003 |
United States |
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Pennsylvania mine rescue. |
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| Technology |
Movies |
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Silent. Sound. Black and white. Color. Digital. |
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| Technology |
Movies |
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Super 8. 16mm. 32mm. |
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| Technology |
Photography |
c. 1820's |
France |
Niepce, Joseph |
Photograph, earliest form of. |
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| Technology |
Photography |
c. 1830's |
England |
Talbot, Willam |
Photographs using silver chloride |
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| Technology |
Photography |
c. 1840's |
France |
Daguerre, Louis |
Daguerrotype photographs |
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| Technology |
Photography |
c. 1890's |
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Eastman |
Camera film |
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| Technology |
Power |
c. -1000000? |
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Fire |
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| Technology |
Power |
c. 1870's |
Germany |
Otto, Niklaus |
Internal combustion engine |
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| Technology |
Power |
c. 1890's |
Germany |
Diesel, Rudolph |
Diesel engine |
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| Technology |
Power |
c. 1950's |
United States |
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Nuclear power plants |
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| Technology |
Power |
c. 2003 |
United States |
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Blackout in Northeast, USA. |
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| Technology |
Power |
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Water power. Water wheel. Water mill. |
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| Technology |
Power |
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Wind power. Wind mill. |
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| Technology |
Power |
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Edison, Thomas. Lumiere brothers. |
Electric generator. Edison promoted DC power. Tesla developed AC power. |
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| Technology |
Power, carbon |
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Mining. Coal mines. Gold mines. Copper mines. |
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| Technology |
Power, carbon |
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Oil well |
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| Technology |
Power, electric |
c. 1800 |
Italy |
Volta, Alessandro |
Electric battery |
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| Technology |
Power, electric |
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Electric motor |
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| Technology |
Power, solar |
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Photovoltaic cell. |
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| Technology |
Power, steam |
c. 1760's |
England |
Watt, James |
Steam engine |
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| Technology |
Printing |
c. 1800's |
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Drum roller press |
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| Technology |
Printing |
c. 1800's |
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Photo offset lithography. |
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| Technology |
Printing |
c. 1800's |
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Linotype. Line by line. |
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| Technology |
Printing |
c. 1900's |
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Four color printing. |
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| Technology |
Shelter |
c. 1850's |
United States |
Otis, Elisha |
Elevator, safety |
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| Technology |
Shelter |
c. 1880's |
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Skyscraper |
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| Technology |
Shelter |
c. 1910's |
United States |
Carrier, William |
Air conditioning |
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| Technology |
Shelter |
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Organic building techniques. Solar and wind power. Renewable resources. Biodegradeable materials. |
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| Technology |
Shelter |
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Plumbing. |
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| Technology |
Shelter |
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Toilet. |
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| Technology |
Shelter |
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Heating. |
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| Technology |
Shelter |
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Fasteners: nail, screw, glue, bolt, rivet, weld, tape, zipper, velcro. |
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| Technology |
Shelter |
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Bricks. |
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| Technology |
Social techs |
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Voting |
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| Technology |
Social techs |
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Fire department. |
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| Technology |
Social techs |
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Medicare. |
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| Technology |
Social techs |
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Police department. |
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| Technology |
Social techs |
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Food stamps. |
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| Technology |
Social techs |
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Prisons. |
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| Technology |
Social techs |
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Social security |
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| Technology |
Social techs |
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Postal system. |
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| Technology |
Sound |
c. 1930's |
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78 rpm |
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| Technology |
Sound |
c. 1950's |
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33 rpm records |
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| Technology |
Sound |
c. 1950's |
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45 rpm records. Singles. |
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| Technology |
Sound |
c. 1960's |
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Tape recording. Reel to reel. 8 track. Audio cassette. |
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| Technology |
Sound |
c. 1980's |
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Compact disc player |
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| Technology |
Sound |
c. 1980's |
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Compact discs |
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| Technology |
Sound |
c. 1990's |
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Mp3 format |
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| Technology |
Sound |
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Microphone. |
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| Technology |
Sound |
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Amplifier. |
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| Technology |
Sound |
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Speaker. |
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| Technology |
Tools |
c. -2500000? |
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Stone tool making. |
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| Technology |
Tools |
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Hand tools. Saw. Drill. Hammer. Lathe. Plane. |
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| Technology |
Tools |
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Welding. |
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| Technology |
Tools |
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Glue. |
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| Technology |
Tools |
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Tools: Shovel. Rake. Scythe. File. Screwdriver. Wrench. Pliers. |
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| Technology |
Transportation |
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Tunnels. |
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| Technology |
Transportation, air |
c. 1780's |
France |
Montgolfier brothers |
Baloon, hot air. |
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| Technology |
Transportation, air |
c. 1920's |
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Zepplin |
Baloon, dirigibles and blimps. Hydrogen and helium. |
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| Technology |
Transportation, air |
c. 1930's |
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Goddard, Robert. Von Braun, Werner. NASA. Russia. |
Rockets, space travel and satellites |
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| Technology |
Transportation, air |
c. 1940's |
England |
Whittle, Frank |
Jet engine |
|
| Technology |
Transportation, air |
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Parachute. |
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| Technology |
Transportation, air. |
c. 1880's |
|
Chanute, Lillenthal |
Glider |
|
| Technology |
Transportation, air. |
c. 1902 |
|
Wright, Orville and Wilbur |
Airplane. |
|
| Technology |
Transportation, air. |
c. 1930's |
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Sikorsky, Igor |
Helicopter |
|
| Technology |
Transportation, land |
c. -4000. |
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Wheel |
|
| Technology |
Transportation, land |
c. 1820's |
England |
Stephenson, George |
Train, Steam locomotive |
|
| Technology |
Transportation, land |
c. 1880's |
Germany |
Benz, Karl |
Automobile, early form of. |
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| Technology |
Transportation, land |
c. 1880's |
Scotland |
Dunlop, John |
Pneumatic tire. |
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| Technology |
Transportation, land |
c. 1880's |
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Bicycle |
|
| Technology |
Transportation, land |
c. 1890's |
|
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Motorcycle |
|
| Technology |
Transportation, land |
c. 1994 |
England |
|
Chunnel. Tunnel under the English Channel. |
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| Technology |
Transportation, land |
|
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Bridges. |
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| Technology |
Transportation, land |
|
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Roads. Cobblestone. Macadam. Concrete. Asphalt. |
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| Technology |
Transportation, land |
|
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Train, electric. |
|
| Technology |
Transportation, land. |
c. 1900 |
|
Ford, Henry |
Automobile, popularizer. |
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| Technology |
Transportation, land. |
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Train, diesel. |
|
| Technology |
Transportation, water |
c. 1810 |
United States |
Fulton, Robert |
Boat, steam boat. |
|
| Technology |
Transportation, water |
c. 1840's |
England |
Brunel, Isambard |
Iron hull, screw propeller ship |
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| Technology |
Transportation, water |
|
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Boat, sail boat |
|
| Technology |
Transportation, water |
|
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Submarine |
|
| Technology |
Transportation, water |
|
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Raft. Reed boat. Kon tiki. Dugout canoe. South Pacific island hoppers. |
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| Technology |
Weapons |
c. 1000 |
China |
|
Gunpowder |
|
| Technology |
Weapons |
c. 1860's |
United States |
Gatling, Richard |
Machine gun. |
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| Technology |
Weapons |
c. 1950's |
United States |
Teller, Edward |
Hydrogen bomb |
|
| Technology |
Weapons |
|
United States |
Winchester. Remington. |
Rifle |
|
| Technology |
Weapons |
|
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Bow and arrow. |
|
| Technology |
Weapons |
|
Europe |
|
Cannon |
|
| Technology |
Weapons |
|
United States |
Colt |
Pistol |
|
| Technology |
|
c. -50000. |
|
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Civilization. Defined as people writing in cities. |
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| Technology |
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Hydrogen fuel cell car. |
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| Technology |
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Dams |
|
| Technology |
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Combination lock. |
|
| Technology |
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RFID. Radio frequency identification tag. |
|
| Technology |
|
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Bar code. UPC. Sku. Bar code scanner. |
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| Technology |
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Lock and key. |
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| Technology |
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Fax |
|
| Technology |
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Xerography. Xerox. |
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